Two-stroke-cycle internal-combustion engine



Feb. 10,-- 1925. 1.525876 A. MACCHIONI ET AL TWO-STROKE CYCLE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed May 24. 1921 Patented Feb. 1%, i925.

unit at STATES AGHILLE MACCHIONI AND ENRICO HOCKE, OF GENOA, ITALY.

7 TWO-STROKE-CYGLE' INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed May 24, 1921.

170 at! 107mm it may concern.

Be itknown that we, Aonnmn MAooHIoNr and ENnIco Hooks, both subjects of the King of Italy, both residing at 31, Via XX Settembre, Genoa, Italy, have invented -certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Two-Stroke-Cycle Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The invention comprises improvements in or relating to two stroke cycle internal combustion engines for actuating locomotives and the like.

The object of the invention is to inject air between the cylinder or cylinders of a two stroke cycle internal combustion engine for actuating a locomotive or the like and of the type provided with two pistons for each cylinder, the two pistons of each cylinder respectively actuating at different moments the exhaust port and the scavenging port of the cylinder.

The said means which provide for the admission of air under pressure after the closure either of the exhaust ports or of the scavenging ports are such that they allow of automatically regulating the quantity of air injected so as to obtain the maximum amount at starting of the motor and then to automatically diminish gradually in proportion with the increasing speed of the motor until when the speed is at the maximum the admission of air is nil.

The advantages obtained in applying the principles described to a motor of the kind indicated for driving a locomotive are the following :The compressed air injected in creases the power of the motor when it works at low speed and consequently the locomotive is more easily and rapidly started. Further the automatic working of the device allows regulation of the air admission by the action of the motor and thereby provides, after initial regulation for a working which corresponds exactly to requirements, the quantity of air injected being exactly and only as much as may be required to increase the power of the motor at starting of the locomotive.

The invention may be practically carried out in different ways.

The annexed drawing diagrammatically illustrates by way of example a preferred construction of the invention.

Figure 1 illustrates the general arrangement of the installation.

Serial No. 472,308.-

Figure 2 illustrates on an enlarged scale the automatic valve governing the admission of the compressed air.

Figure 3-is a transverse section on line 3 -3 of Figure 2.

1 indicates a two stroke cycle internal combustion engine having two horizontal cylinders provided with two pistons. for each cylinder ;2 is the conduit feeding the scavenging air; 3' is the exhaust pipe; a and 5' indicate respectively the scavenging and exhaust port for one. cylinder arranged so as, to beop'ened or closed respectively by the two pistons (Sand 7 of the same cylinder.

hen the various parts move in the direction of the arrows 8 and the piston 7 has closed the exhaust port 5, and the piston 6 has closed the scavenging port 4 of one. cylinder, compressed air is led to the adjacent cylinder by the conduit 10- whiclt is connected to a suitable reservoir 11, containing compressed air and is then led from the latter cylinder where it was re-compressed through a; pipe and port 9 to the combustion chamber of power cylinder after the scavenging port 4 and exhaust port 5 have been closed by the pistons 6 and 7 approaching each other. The conduit 10 is provided with an automatic distribution device 12. This device consists (Figs. 2 and 3) of a chamber 13 arranged across the conduit 10. In said chamber is a valve 1% actuated by a small shaft 15 having two movements one of rotation on its axis at a speed corresponding to one rotation for each two cycles effected by the motor (one for each cylinder, 16, 17 of the pair), the other a movement of axial translation, which allows the opening of 18 in the valve 1 1- which coincides with the axis of the conduit 10 when the motor works at slow speed to move gradually from this position in proportion as the speed of the motor increases. The pro-portion as regards the width of the opening 18 are such that the injection of the air into the cylinder come mences a. little time before the piston 6 closes the scavenging port. It results from this arrangement that the motor is rendered still more efficacious by the construction. illustrated in the drawing from the fact that the said opening has a section diminishing from one extremity to the other, that the motor when working at low speed causes the injection of a certain quantity of com pressed air into the respective cylinders and that the quantity of air injected owing to the axial displacement of the valve and the shape of the opening thereof will diminish gradually in proportion with the increase of speed of the motor until it ceases entirely when the motor performs more than a certain number of cycles per minute.

Any suitable means can be utilized, as for instance a. centrifugal governor for axially displacing the rod 15 of the device 14 when the motor speed is varying, while at the same time the rod 15 is put in rotation by the motor in such a way that the rotation speed of said rod 15 is such as to bring the plane which contains the port 18 into the direction of the pipe 10 at any time that owing to the working of the motor it should be necessary, the injection of air.

The invention is not limited to the particular construction described and illustrated and it can be understood that it can be carried out in various ways without departing from the principle thereof.

Having now particularly described the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we de clare that what we claim is:

In a two-stroke internal combustion engine, a pair of cylinders each of which having a scavenging port and an exhaust port, and an air admission port; a pair of oppositely movable pistons in each of said cylinders; means connecting said pistons for simultaneous reverse movement, said pistons being arranged to govern the scavenging and exhaust ports; and means to introduce compressed air through a secondary air port between the two pistons of each cylinder after the exhaust and scavenging ports are closed.

In testimony whereof we afiix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

AOHILLE MACOHIONI. ENRICO HOCKE. lVitnesses:

VINoENzo CARBONE, WILLIAM P. SHAVELY. 

